Jurisprudence Services
In the course of its contribution towards serving heritage and towards spreading Islamic science, IESCOM offers the following services:
- Establishing and developing sharia databases, indexing and assigning them using the most up to date technologies.
- Developing the web sites of sheikhs, Islamic scholars and Islamic centers.
- The verification of texts and manuscripts.
- Developing programs with sharia content.
The first service IESCOM provides - establishing and developing sharia databases consists of the following steps:
Data Entry of the Text:
This step involves converting the texts from its printed form into digital form that can be dealt with on computers. This is done either by using scanners and OCR programs or by manually entering the text in case the copy is too old too be scanned or in case we are dealing with manuscripts.
In this step, all linguistic treatment is performed. It is to be noted that Arabic letters differ from European letters which directly affects the OCR (Optical Character Reader) process. In detail, Arabic letters are connected to each other. Moreover, the shape of the letter differs according to its position in the word (whether in the beginning, middle or end). The Arabic OCR program gives an accuracy percentage of 98 %. The use of this technology reduces time by 50 %. However, if the quality of the printed book is bad or if it is simply quite old, then manually entering the texts is the solution.
Conforming the OCR Copy to the Original Text:
This is done to ensure the quality of the entered text. In this step, the text goes through a checklist including its titles, pages, footnotes, references and sources.
Linguistic Revision of the Text (Spelling and Grammar):
In this step, mistakes are highlighted with a color other than the color of the text itself. Also, the number of mistakes within the document can be known from statistics. By hovering with the pointer over the desired wrong word, the spell checker proposes some corrections from which the best choice rarely escapes. The linguistic search tool plays an integral role in defining the correct suggestions through its comprehension of the context.
Special Punctuation "Tashkeel" of the Text:
After the automated correction process of linguistic words and texts, the special punctuation "Tashkeel" step, which is an optional feature, comes into progress. In this feature, special characters are placed upon the Arabic letters. This dramatically helps the reader in comprehending the text more accurately. The text's "tashkeel" is either complete or partly according to what has been previously agreed upon.
Indexing:
This step is also known as structuring, or forming a table of contents that includes the chapters, sub-chapters and main titles. The structuring is automatically checked before the texts are coded. The indexing of the texts now occurs. In it, the data related to the index fields is entered. In these fields, the following information is added to the document: project title, book title, author, number of the page in the book, document title and any other necessary information. This is made use of in search and index tools. It is defined whether these fields are needed or not as documents do not proceed to the next stage before these fields are filled. This information can also be optional. It can be added in a previous stage and then revised just as the text is revised through the automatic reading by a hyperlink connecting between the word in the text and its image to facilitate the revision process.
Listing "Taksheef":
The text is organized using this tool; titles, paragraphs and the type and size of the font. Here, it is a web page editor. This process is done by a researcher who reads the text and when he finds a proper name, he highlights it and then adds it to the list of proper names. These lists are later used to form the tables of content.
Connecting the Texts Subject-wise:
This is done through the employment of a sharia tree-diagram of subjects. In this stage, the web pages are linked to a pre-prepared tree-diagram of the subjects using the opening words. The page can be linked to more than one subject. Subjects are organized and the percentage of relevance is defined. The researcher can see the opening words on which the link has been established. Then, the information is sent to the database after being properly prepared.
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